2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Apoptosis
    Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Glutathione Peroxidase

Glutathione Peroxidase

Glutathione Peroxidase

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Glutathione peroxidases (GPx) are a family of enzymes with the ability to reduce organic and inorganic hydroperoxides to the corresponding alcohols using glutathione or thioredoxin as an electron donor. These enzymes promote hydrogen peroxide metabolism and protect cell membrane structure and function from oxidative damage. Dysregulated GPx expression is connected with severe pathologies, including obesity and diabetes. GPx1 has been reported to be involved in both pro- and anticancer effects in different tumor models.

In mammals, the GPxs family consists of eight members (GPx1-GPx8) identified so far; five of them (GPx1-GPx4 and GPx6) contain selenocysteine in the catalytic center and the other three are cysteine-containing proteins. GPx1 is one of the most critical members of the GPxs family that catalytically reduces hydrogen peroxide to produce water. The function of GPx3 is to scavenge H2O2 and lipoperoxides in the plasma to reduce systematic oxidative stress and to maintain the bioavailability of vascular nitric oxide. Gpx4 is an essential mammalian glutathione peroxidase, which protects cells against detrimental lipid peroxidation and governs a novel form of regulated necrotic cell death, called ferroptosis.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-W015600
    2-Acetamidophenol
    		Activator 99.61%
    2-Acetamidophenol (Orthocetamol) is a regulator that targets ferroptosis and glutathione metabolic pathways, is the ortho-regioisomer of Paracetamol (HY-66005). 2-Acetamidophenol has anti-atherosclerotic activity, and inhibiting total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) in a zebrafish hyperlipidemia model with IC50s for 30 μM and 40 μM, respectively. 2-Acetamidophenol upregulates the expression of glutathione synthesis-related genes (such as GCLC, GCLM, GSS) and iron ion transport genes (such as FPN1, FTH), reduces the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ferrous ions (Fe2+), and enhances the activity of glutathione peroxidase GPX4, thereby inhibiting macrophage phagocytosis of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and foam cell formation.
    2-Acetamidophenol
  • HY-145197
    MPO-IN-3
    		Inhibitor 99.73%
    MPO-IN-3 is a potent myeloperoxidase (MPO) inhibitor (WO2013068875A1, example 191). Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a heme-containing enzyme belonging to the peroxidase superfamily.
    MPO-IN-3
  • HY-W127709
    Chlorophyll b
    Chlorophyll b is an orally active tetrapyrrole derivative and pigment. Chlorophyll b can be obtained from photosynthetic organisms such as plants and algae. Chlorophyll b acts as a hydrogen donor and increases Glutathione levels. Chlorophyll b has antioxidant activity and functionally replaces chlorophyll a in photosystem II to participate in photosynthesis. Chlorophyll b reduces Cisplatin (HY-17394)-induced DNA damage, chromosome instability, and oxidative stress. Chlorophyll b is mainly used in the study of plant photosynthesis mechanism.
    Chlorophyll b
  • HY-155664
    GPX4-IN-6
    		Inhibitor
    GPX4-IN-6 (Compound C25) is a GPX4 covalent inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.13 μM. GPX4-IN-6 (Compound C25) can induce ferroptosis for the research of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) .
    GPX4-IN-6
  • HY-139915
    MPO-IN-1
    		Inhibitor 99.02%
    MPO-IN-1 is a potent, orally active, and irreversible indole-containing inhibitor of myeloperoxidase (MPO). MPO-IN-1 has IC50s of 2.6 μM and 5.3 μM for MPO and thyroid peroxidase (TPO), respectively. MPO-IN-1 inhibits MPO activity in an acute mouse model of inflammation.
    MPO-IN-1
  • HY-161928
    GPX4 activator 1
    		Activator
    GPX4 activator 1 (Compound A9) is a allosteric activator of GPX4 (Kd = 5.86 μM, EC50 = 19.19 μM). GPX4 activator 1 can selectively act on ferroptosis and prevent the accumulation of intracellular lipid peroxides caused by ferroptosis inducers.
    GPX4 activator 1
  • HY-Y0669R
    Pipecolic acid (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Pipecolic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Pipecolic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Pipecolic acid is a metabolite of lysine and an important precursor for many useful microbial secondary metabolites. Pipecolic acid slows ferroptosis in diabetic retinopathy by inhibiting the YAP-GPX4 signaling pathway. In addition, Pipecolic acid can be used as a diagnostic marker for pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy.
    Pipecolic acid (Standard)
  • HY-139001
    JKE-1716
    		Inhibitor 98.04%
    JKE-1716 is a potent and selective nitrolic acid-containing GPX4 inhibitor. JKE-1716 is able of inducing ferroptosis selectively through covalent GPX4 inhibition.
    JKE-1716
  • HY-N11552
    Sorbifolin
    		Inhibitor 99.62%
    Sorbifolin, a flavone glucoside, can be isolated from the Pterogyne nitens. Sorbifolin has myeloperoxidase inhibitory and radical scavenging activities. Sorbifolin is also a MPO inhibitor with an IC50 value of 19.2 nM.
    Sorbifolin
  • HY-151212
    BCP-T.A
    		≥99.0%
    BCP-T.A, a tunable heterocyclic electrophile, is a potent ferroptosis inducer by binding to GPX4. BCP-T.A is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
    BCP-T.A
  • HY-100218B
    (1R,3S)-RSL3
    		Control 99.78%
    (1R,3S)-RSL3 is the less active (1R,3S)-enantiomer of RSL3 ((1S,3R)-RSL3). (1R,3S)-RSL3 and RSL3 induce cell death in HT22 wild-type cells with EC50 values of 5.2 µM and 0.004 µM, rspectively.
    (1R,3S)-RSL3
  • HY-167888
    NPD4928
    		Inhibitor 99.48%
    NPD4928, a GPX4 inhibitor, enhances RSL3 (HY-100218A)-dependent ferroptosis. NPD4928 binds to ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1) and inhibits its enzymatic activity.
    NPD4928
  • HY-157762
    GPX4-IN-9
    		Inhibitor 98.03%
    GPX4-IN-9 (Compound A16) is a glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) inhibitor that specifically targets GPX4 under both in vitro and in vivo conditions, inducing ferroptosis. GPX4-IN-9 exhibits cytotoxicity against pancreatic cancer cells and can be used in cancer research.
    GPX4-IN-9
  • HY-159990
    GPX4-IN-15
    		Inhibitor 98.79%
    GPX4-IN-15 (Compound C1) is an inhibitor for GPX4, that inhibits 19.8% GPX4 at 1 μM. GPX4-IN-15 inhibits the proliferation of cancer cell MDA-MB-468, BT-549 and MDA-MB-231 with IC50 of 0.86, 0.96 and 0.48 μM.
    GPX4-IN-15
  • HY-163332
    MPO-IN-6
    		Inhibitor
    MPO-IN-6 (compound ADC) is an electrophile with good antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. MPO-IN-6 is a myeloperoxidase (MPO), dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), and α-glucosidase (α-GD) inhibitor with IC50s of 10 μM, 31.02 μM, and 46.05 μM, respectively. MPO-IN-6 is a potential cardiovascular preventive agent.
    MPO-IN-6
  • HY-168011
    GPX4-IN-14
    		Inhibitor
    GPX4-IN-14 (compound 2c) is an inhibitor of GPX4, with free radical scavenging activity (maximum scavenging rate is 72.52%) and anti-tumor proliferation activity in vitro. GPX4-IN-14 inhibits GPX4 protein, increases lipid peroxide levels and intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) levels, thereby inducing ferroptosis and exerting anti-tumor proliferation effects.
    GPX4-IN-14
  • HY-163272
    GPX4/CDK-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    GPX4/CDK-IN-1 (Compound B9) is a dual inhibitor of GPX4 and CDK, with IC50 values of 542.5 nM, 191.2 nM and 68.1 nM for GPX4, CDK4 and CDK6, reapectively. GPX4/CDK-IN-1 shows strong cancer cell growth inhibition in vivo.
    GPX4/CDK-IN-1
  • HY-149455
    GPX4-IN-8
    		Inhibitor
    GPX4-IN-8 (compound A80) is a potent GPX4 inhibitor. GPX4-IN-8 shows antiproliferative activity.
    GPX4-IN-8
  • HY-174086
    PROTAC GPX4 degrader-4
    		Degrader
    PROTAC GPX4 degrader-4 is a GPX4 PROTAC degrader (DC50: 5.32 nM). PROTAC GPX4 degrader-4 inhibits the activity of RT4, T24, and J82 cancer cells (IC50 values are 0.09, 2.97, and 7.58 μM, respectively). PROTAC GPX4 degrader-4 increases lipid ROS levels and induces ferroptosis in T24 and RT4 cells. PROTAC GPX4 degrader-4 has antitumor activity in T24 tumor-bearing BALB/c nude mouse model. PROTAC GPX4 degrader-4 can be used for bladder cancer research. (Pink: target protein ligand (HY-N0193); blue: E3 ligase ligand (HY-1035960); black: linker (HY-W013907); E3 ligase ligand + linker (HY-174087)).
    PROTAC GPX4 degrader-4
  • HY-170509
    Ferroptosis-IN-17
    		Activator
    Ferroptosis-IN-17 (Compound 18) is a ferroptosis (Ferroptosis) inhibitor with an EC50 value of 0.57 μM. Ferroptosis-IN-17 reduces intracellular ferrous ion accumulation, lipid peroxidation, and effectively restores the levels of glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). Ferroptosis-IN-17 shows good solubility and significant metabolic stability in rat plasma. Ferroptosis-IN-17 is promising for research in tumor suppression, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiovascular diseases.
    Ferroptosis-IN-17
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity